In 1860, Pearsall & Benner of Apalachin, NY, exhibited a hub-boring machine at that year's New York State Fair. In 1862, George T. Pearsall of Apalachin and S. A. Garrison of Union were granted a patent for a hub-boring machine. An 1864 article in Scientific American describes the hub-boring machine and explicitly says that machines and territories are available from "G. T. Pearsall, sole proprietor".

Information Sources

• Boyd's New York State Directory for 1872, lists "Benner P. R. blacksmith" in its section on Apalachin. There is no listing in that section for anyone named Pearsall, nor was there a listing for anyone named Garrison in Union.
• The Annual Report of the New York State Agricultural Society, 1861 lists the results of the 1860 State Fair, including "Hub borer, Pearsall & Benner, Apalachin, Tioga Co., N. Y. Trans."
• The 1864-07-02 Scientific American has an article on Pearsall's "Improved Wagon-Box Setter", which is to say his hub-boring machine. It concludes, "For machines, territorial rights (except New England and New York State, all but Tioga county, which are sold), or additional information, apply to G. T. Pearsall, sole proprietor, Apalachin, Tioga county, N. Y."
• Pearsall was granted a handful of patents, spanning 1855 to 1870. The patents covered a marble-sawing machine, hub-boring machine, thill-coupling, and a planer-matcher for flooring.
• Carriage and Wagon Makers Machinery and Tools by Kenneth L. Cope, 2004 page 148