H. W. Kearns & Co., Ltd. - Assigned Patents

Manufacturers Index - H. W. Kearns & Co., Ltd.

H. W. Kearns & Co., Ltd.
Manchester, England, U.K.
Manufacturer Class: Metal Working Machinery

Patents

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Patent Number	Date	Title	Name	City	Description
190,511,870	Mar. 01, 1906	Improvements in connection with machine tools for milling, facing, and cutting metals	Frank Pearn	, England	"Machine tools for boring, facing, and milling, having vertically movable headstocks fitted with spindles carrying a faceplate which has an automatically traversed tool-holder, are driven by means of an endless belt without the intervention of toothed gearing, but back gear is provided for use if required. A' speed cone and pulley b, c, Figs. 1 and 2, drive a pulley e by belt d, passing over an idler i mounted on the headstock and a normally fixed pulley k carried by the framing, but adjustably mounted at n to take up stretch in the belt. The pulley e is mounted on a loose sleeve f, and can be bolted at t to a fast collar on the spindle for a direct drive, or can drive through disconnectible back gearing r and change gear v, w, x. The spindle is hollow, and contains a feed-spindle o geared to it at q and to the feed-screw p. The work is carried on a compound table on the bed."
		Improvements in connection with machine tools for milling, facing, and cutting metals	William Alfred Pearn	, England
190,714,922	May. 21, 1908	Improvements in machines for milling, facing, and other metal cutting operations	Frank Pearn	, England	"In a machine of the type described in Specification No. 190,511,870, A.D. 1905, for milling, facing, boring; drilling, and like operations, the operative end of the headstock spindle carries a toothed wheel, to which a tool-holder is detachably connected and which may be driven from a back-gear. Power-operated means are also provided to give a quick movement to the work table and headstock. The headstock spindle a is driven from a pulley g, driven by a belt n from the main shaft at the bottom of the machine, the guide-pulleys h, i, Fig. 2; ensuring a large angle of contact. The pulley g is arranged between the bearings of the spindle, and drives the spindle direct or through the back-gear shaft d which is driven from pinions j or m. A pinion c on the shaft d drives a pinion b, connected to the spindle a and detachably connected to the tool carrier e. The quick -movement of table and headstock is obtained by depressing a foot-lever o, Fig. 5. This operates jockey wheels r, r' and drives pulleys q, q1 by a belt p from the main shaft of the machine. By means of a clutch q2, the shaft w is then driven, and from this shaft the feedscrew shafts 1a, 1 of the table and the feed-shaft 2a of the headstock are driven through a clutch z and gearing. The shaft w may also be driven from a hand-wheel s, which can be put out of action by sliding on its spindle to obviate danger when power feed is used. Ordinary slow movements can be obtained by driving the shaft w from a clutch-operated worm 4."
		Improvements in machines for milling, facing, and other metal cutting operations	William Alfred Pearn	, England
190,817,999	Aug. 27, 1909	Improvements in mechanism for operating friction clutches	Thomas Bowman Burton	, England	"This invention relates to an improvement applicable to boring and like machines, which are thrown in and out of gear, or the gear changed by means of a stud eccentrically fitted on the face of a disc that is operated by a hand lever, so that when the disc or lever is rotated, said stud is caused either to operate a friction clutch by pressing on the flange at either one or both ends of the clutch. The object of our present invention is to reduce friction when actuating the stud by the aforesaid disc, and to effect the change rapidly: For this purpose we place on the aforesaid stud a roller to run loosely thereon, that will in like manner act eccentrically, and that will effect the change in less time and with reduced friction."
		Improvements in mechanism for operating friction clutches	James Parnell Trust Slade	, England
190,901,575	Jan. 24, 1910	Improvements in machine tools	John Henderson Hamilton	, England	"A machine for drilling and tapping holes from the inside of frames &c. as for the faces of magnets of electromotors, has a fixed frame A. on which slides a shell B vertically adjustable by gearing C1, C2, C5, C6, C7, C9. The shell B carries a turntable D and a stepped face-plate E, on which the work is mounted. The drill may be replaced by a milling-cutter. A plate B4, secured by bolts in slots and keys B7 so that it can be adjusted, carries the turntable D, which is retained by plates B9 and is rotated by a tommy-bar and held in required angular positions by indexing-notches and a locating-lever. The tool head G and the frame G' slide radially in the fixed frame A, the tool being driven and fed by a suitable mechanism, as shown in Fig. 9, comprising a drill socket rotated by power from cone pulleys N, the usual sliding shaft O for speed reduction, a clutch P for direct drive, friction gear Q for low-speed tapping and quick reversing, a quick-return hand-feed R operating through a pinion R1, a rack R2, and a fine automatic feed through a worm S and gearing S1, which gearing may be lowered clear by the lever S'. An automatic feed knock-off T and a tool lubricant pump V are also fitted. The Provisional Specification states that the drill head and gear may be enclosed in a fluid-tight casing. Sockets.-The tool socket Ha may be adjusted in the bevel-gear H2 by means of a screw H6 as shown in Fig. 10."
190,909,430	Apr. 21, 1910	Improvements in or applicable to feed and reversing motions of reciprocating tools	Thomas Bowman Burton	, England	"To enable the length of stroke of the reciprocating tool in shaping , slotting and like machines to be adjusted without having to readjust the feed-motion, this is actuated from a slide b mounted in the reciprocating table or ram a. The slide b carries adjustable stops c, d to actuate the reversing-lever g, the reaction causing the slide to reciprocate relatively to the ram through a distance regulated by a stop e, and thereby actuate the feed through the ratchet gear h, m &c."
		Improvements in or applicable to feed and reversing motions of reciprocating tools	James Parnell Trust Slade	, England
1,023,203	Apr. 16, 1912	Machine Tool	John Henderson Hamilton	, England
191,212,122	Feb. 13, 1913	Improvements in milling, facing, drilling and boring machines	Thomas Bowman Burton	, England	"The slide of a rotary tool-head is forked, as shown in Fig. 3, to pass a boring-bar E or other tool working through the hollow spindle. The slide is traversed bv projections d1 which engage a scroll F, Fig. 1, rotated through differential gearing k from a pinion h on the spindle of the tool-head and from a worm-wheel Q driven from the change-speed box of the machine. The gearing is so proportioned that, when the wheel Q is stationary, the scroll rotates at the same speed as the tool-head. The toolbox may be adjustably mounted on the slide."
		Improvements in milling, facing, drilling and boring machines	Joseph Richard Carden Kearns	, England
191,319,066	Apr. 02, 1914	Improvements in facing chucks for surfacing, boring and milling machines	Thomas Bowman Burton	, England	"A rotary tool-head of a surfacing and boring machine has the tool-slide c traversed by a bevel-driven worm i engaging a helical rack on the slide."
		Improvements in facing chucks for surfacing, boring and milling machines	Joseph Richard Carden Kearns	, England
127,167	May. 29, 1919	Improvement in the feed controls of combined surfacing, boring, milling and drilling machines	Joseph Richard Carden Kearns	, England
364,888	Jan. 14, 1932	Improvements relating to work tables of metal cutting and like machine tools	Joseph Richard Carden Kearns	, England
375,715	Jun. 30, 1932	Improvements in the feed mechanism of combined boring and milling machines	Joseph Richard Carden Kearns	, England	"A combined horizontal boring and milling machine has alternative constant speed and variable speed drives for the feed mechanism either of which may operate through a common change speed feed gear. The main driving pulley 1 rotates either the wheel 8 or the wheel 5 in the forward or reverse direction, respectively, according to the position of the clutch 3, thus driving through helical gears 10, 11 the shaft 12 which extends upwards from the bed a to the vertically sliding head d, Fig. 2. The shaft 15 driven by helical gears from shaft 12 drives the main change-speed gear (not shown) by means of which the spindle e is rotated at various speeds. The drive for the feed mechanism is taken either through wheels 16, 17 from the shaft 12, or from spindle e through wheels 20, 22 according to the disposition of the dog clutch 23, thus allowing for constant speed and variable speed feeds respectively, the common reversing and change speed mechanism completing the train to the shaft 25 from which the feed motions for the various movable members, such as the table b, are taken. An end-forcing slide may be fitted to the head and fed by either the constant speed or variable speed source."
474,954	Nov. 10, 1937	Improvements in the driving and feed mechanism of boring, milling, drilling, tapping and facing machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England
499,945	Jan. 31, 1939	Improvements in combined surfacing and boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"The facing slide c, Fig. 1, of a combined boring and surfacing machine is displaced by means of a spiral face cam or scroll plate f driving a rack h connected to the slide, through the intermediary of a helical pinion which meshes directly with the spiral face cam. The scroll plate f, Fig. 1, is driven in known manner from differential gearing o, p. The facing slide may be slotted to provide for the boring bar e, Fig. 2, in which case two racks h are provided on the facing slide, one on each side of the slot, and the helical pinions i are arranged on a common shaft at right-angles to the racks. The pinions may, however, be arranged on separate shafts, radially with respect to the scroll plate and inclined to the racks. In a further arrangement, a single helical pinion meshing with the scroll plate is used, and spur wheels arranged on the shaft of the pinion engage with the racks on the facing slide."
501,109	Feb. 21, 1939	Improvements in and relating to journal bearings in machine tools	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"A bearing for a machine tool is provided with an electrical heating element adapted to heat a part of the bearing so that the expansion of such part alters the diameter of the bearing surfaces. As shown, a bearing cap b is clamped to the base a by bolts c or d1. The bolt c is hollow and contains a heating element g. When the speed of rotation of the shaft e is increased the heating element g is energized to heat and expand the bolt c and thus increase the diameter of the bearing. Alternatively, the heating element i1 may surround the bolt d1. In a modification the heated part of the bearing may comprise a sleeve inserted between the head of the cap bolts and the cap. In this case the heating element would be energized when the shaft e is running at low speeds so that the expansion of the sleeve causes reduction in the bearing diameter. The switch for controlling the electrical circuit of the heating element may be linked to the clutch, actuation of which causes a change in the speed of the shaft."
549,792	Dec. 07, 1942	Improvements relating to boring tool holders for boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"Cutters are set and adjusted on boring bars without removing the bars from the boring-machine. The cutter is held by a set screw e in a saddle b received on a circular or other seating a1 formed between shoulders on the bar a2. The saddle is clamped by a single screw d engaging a key-hole slot so that removal of the screw is not necessary for the release of the saddle. A similar screw g then mounts the saddle on a test bar f of diameter corresponding to the seating a1 and a fine screw h adjusts the cutter with the help of a gauge i carried by a straddle bracket resting on the bar."
550,219	Dec. 29, 1942	Improvements relating to clutch mechanism of the boring or drilling spindles of horizontal boring or drilling machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	In a horizontal boring, drilling, facing and milling machine in which the spindle d is driven either directly by a belt pulley e or indirectly through a change speed train driving the sleeve g, the spindle is brought to the speed of the pulley or sleeve prior to the engagement of claw clutches e' or g' by a friction clutch e2 or g2. The friction clutch sleeve j is supported clear of the spindle by rings n', n2 keyed to the sleeve by the shouldered ends of the feather key m that transmits drive to the spindle. Axial feed of the spindle is thus prevented from shifting the sleeve j. The claw clutch sleeve i is splined to the sleeve j at k and carries a spring V-end bolt l that engages a notch in the key k. When the sleeve i is moved by a yoke engaging the groove i3 the appropriate friction clutch first brings the spindle to speed and then the bolt l yields permitting the engagement of the dog clutch."
621,658	Apr. 13, 1949	Improvements in the feed mechanism of combined boring and milling machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England
649,637	Jan. 31, 1951	Improvements relating to horizontal boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"In a horizontal boring-machine, an image of a vertically-adjustable scale g is projected by means of a lamp p and mirrors q, r and t on to a translucent screen l bearing a vernier scale. The bar g is initially adjusted so that its zero and that of the vernier are coincident. Movements of the scale are then viewed through a window n by means of a mirror o."
658,492	Oct. 10, 1951	Improvements relating to the control of electrically effected adjustments of horizontal boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"Adjustment of the spindle head or worktable of a horizontal boring machine is made by a three-phase motor j (not shown) to which A.C. current is supplied for coarse adjustments or which, to effect slow and then fine adjustments, is supplied with D:C. current under control of a slowly rotatable switch l, with which the motor runs in phase, the switch being rotatable continuously or step-by-step..."
683,200	Nov. 26, 1952	Improvements relating to work tables of horizontal boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	A work table of a horizontal boring machine has an overhanging saddle supported by rollers on tracks, the rollers being covered by the saddle and the portions of the roller tracks with which the rollers are in contact being shielded at each side of the saddle by wipers sliding along the upper surface of said tracks and at each side of the tracks by means depending from the saddle closely alongside and to beneath the level of said tracks. The bed a, Fig. 3, of the machine is provided with lateral extensions on which tracks k support the overhanging portions of a saddle f. The latter moves along the bed a and supports a cross-slide h, Fig. 2, on which the work is mounted. Alternatively, a further revolving table i may be carried on the cross-slide h to support the work. Rollers l carried through ball-and-roller bearings n1, n2, Fig. 3, by pins o run on the tracks k. The pins o are carried in brackets p, lugs q of which support the saddle and at the same time protect the side flanges of the tracks k from swarf. Additional filling pieces s secured to the saddle cover part of the exposed sides of the tracks below the saddle, other strips t complete the side protection and engage grooves u in the bed to act also as holding-down members. Wipers r, Fig. 2, protect the top surfaces of the tracks at each side of the saddle."
738,873	Oct. 19, 1955	Improvements relating to face plates of horizontal boring and facing machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	"A face plate a for a horizontal boring and facing machine comprises a facing slide c carrying a pair of racks g1, g2, each engaged by a worm wheel f1, f2 respectively, meshing also with a common worm e formed on a cylindrical surface coaxially around the spindle b, the racks having teeth of equal but oppositely directed inclination and arranged parallel to, but with the worm wheels, asymmetrically on opposite sides of the facing slide. The projection of the worm wheel teeth onto the respective rack is equal in each case, to obtain correct meshing of the worm wheels and racks and a balanced thrust on the slide."
740,835	Nov. 23, 1955	Improvements in work tables of horizontal boring machines	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England	The inventor was a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) and he had the title "Sir".
830,432	Mar. 16, 1960	Improvements in large revolving work tables of horizontal boring machines and other machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	See also 944,689, which constitutes an addition to this patent.
845,350	Aug. 17, 1960	An improved longitudinal traversing drive for the travelling spindle of a horizontal boring machine tool	Henry Ward Lionel Kearns	, England
849,239	Sep. 21, 1960	Improvements related to work tables of horizontal boring machines	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England
900,717	Jul. 11, 1962	Improvements in horizontal boring machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"The spindle headstock 4 of a horizontal boring and facing machine is supported at one side of the centre line of the machine (spindle axis) by the usual vertical column 6 with flat guide surfaces 5. An auxiliary cylindrical guide of guides 7 is provided, on the other side of the centre line, passing through the headstock and connected by a bridge 8 with the column 6. The guides 7 are hollow and may house hydraulic piston and cylinder devices 9 which are connected to chains 10 for balancing and controlling, or, assisting in controlling, the vertical position of the headstock."
944,689	Dec. 18, 1963	Improvements in large revolving work tables of horizontal boring machines and other machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"Addition to 830,432. Headings B3B and B3C. The turn-table of the parent Specification is modified by the inclusion of fluid-pressure lifting jacks 16, 18 of equal, positively limited, stroke. Pressure-fluid from a pipe 8 is fed to the jacks through annular, radial and axial passages 9, 10, 11, 13 in the table-pivot 6, which also functions as a jack, assisting the jacks 16, 18 to raise the table-boss 4 and marginal flange clear of the cross-table 2. The jacks 16, 18 are mounted on the bearing 20-22, which is loosely connected by studs 23 to the cylinders 16."
966,736	Aug. 12, 1964	Improvements in revolving work tables of horizontal boring machines and other machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A horizontal boring &c. machine comprises a turntable 4 and a fluid-operated jack 8, 9 for lifting the table clear of the cross-table &c. 3 to facilitate its rotation. A pivot 5 on the turntable 4 bears in the cross-table, and a ballbearing 7 is located between the pivot and the piston 8. An actuator cylinder 12 supplies the jack. Clamping means, such as those described in Specification 966,737 for clamping the turntable to the cross-table, are interlocked, as by an abutment-operated electrical switch, with the control for the jack so that the jack cannot be operated if the turntable is clamped. The turntable 4 may be removed from the crosstable, which slides across a saddle 2 movable along the machine-bed 1."
966,737	Aug. 12, 1964	Improvements in revolving work tables of horizontal boring machines and other machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"Divided out of 966,736. A horizontal boring &c. machine comprises a turntable 3, and studs 6 with their heads 7 in one or more T-slots 4 in the turntable for clamping it to a cross-table &c. 2. The screwthreaded studs may be rotated in fixed nuts to effect clamping, or (as shown) they may be keyed at 13 to the cross-table 2 and the nuts 10 rotated by levers 11 linked in pairs, Fig. 2 (not shown), and operated by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders. Adjustable stops limit movement of the levers, the operating mechanism of which may operate an electrical limit switch in the control circuit of a table-lifting jack, as described in Specification 966,736, so that the jack cannot be operated if the table is clamped. The cross-table 2 is mounted on a saddle 1, and the studs are positioned through an opening in the top of the turntable which is then closed by a plug."
1,022,801	Mar. 16, 1966	An improved optical system for setting worktables of machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A machine tool compound work-table has at least two setting movements, and is provided with an optical projection unit for observing the setting of both movements. In a horizontal boring machine the work is carried on a table 5 rotatable on a carriage 4 slideable on a saddle 2, the latter being slidable on a bed 1. An optical projection unit 6, having a viewing screen 7 with graticules M, R, is carried by carriage 4, and reflectors 8, 9, are carried by the saddle 2, and table 5 respectively. Carriage 4 is moved until a light image supplied from source LM, is reflected by reflector 8, and is aligned with graticule M, and table 5 is rotated until light source LR is reflected by one of the reflectors 9, and is aligned with graticule M, the table then being aligned centrally with spindle 3. Reflectors 8, 9 may be 90 degree prisms, or front silvered mirrors, or deflecting prisms or lenses may be used. The table is set square and centrally by reflectors 8, 9, but more reflectors may be provided for other settings."
1,023,069	Mar. 16, 1966	Improvements in and relating to machine tool spindles	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A machine tool spindle has a bore 24 in which a series of lead or like metal bushes 25 are located and held in mutual contact by a spring 17. The bushes are capable of slight transverse movement, so that rubbing of their surfaces dissipates energy to reduce vibration. The spindle is otherwise as described in Specification 920,879. Bushes 25 may be encased in a hard metal."
1,023,096	Mar. 16, 1966	Improvements in and relating to manually operable control devices	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A joystick assembly on a machine tool pendant control &c. comprises a hand-rest 4 surrounding the joystick 3 to enable singlehanded control of the stick to be effected."
1,128,612	Sep. 25, 1968	Improvements in horizontal boring machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A horizontal boring machine tool comprises a headstock 4 slidable vertically on a vertical column 6 and two cylindrical columns 7 and having a bridge 8 interconnecting the columns 6, 7 above the headstock and having mounted thereon at least one electric motor 15, 20 and transmission means for vertically moving the headstock and feeding and rotating the machine spindle 19. In the embodiment shown, one motor 15 is used to drive a lead screw 16 for vertical movement of the headstock and a second motor 20 is used for rotating and feeding, via gears 21-24 and splined shaft 25 the machine spindle 19. The headstock 4 is counterbalanced hydraulically by chains 10, sprockets 11 and piston and cylinders 9 housed in each column 7."
1,144,631	Mar. 05, 1969	Improvements in or relating to machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"The machine tool described is identical with the machine tool described in Specification 1,144,632, but the claims are directed to a machine tool having a tool-setting device 25, Fig. 3, in which a gauge 26 is adjusted by power means 28, with respect to a datum so that the tool 24 can be set to cut a required diameter."
1,144,632	Mar. 05, 1969	Improvements in or relating to machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England	"A horizontal boring machine comprises a headstock 18, Fig. 1, movable on vertical guides 17 by a lead screw 19 driven by a power unit 20, and a tool setting device for setting the boring tool 24, carried on a compound work-table 15, rotatable about a vertical axis. Headstock 18 may support a circulating ball type nut which co-operates with lead screw 19. Tool 24 is mounted in a plug 35, Fig. 3, the plug having an interference fit in a transverse bore in a holder 23, carried by the tool spindle 22, but is releasable so as to move radially in the bore by supplying oil under pressure to drillings 36, to thus cause the bore to expand. Setting device 25 comprises gauge 26, Fig. 3, vertically adjustable by means of a motor 28 driving a lead screw 29, which co-operates with a circulating ball nut 30. Holder 23 has parallel flats which are adapted to co-operate with cheeks 32 on device 25, so that when tool 24 is to be set, the latter is in a vertical position. In operation, the axis 37 of spindle 22 is set to a predetermined vertical position, and gauge 26 is adjusted to provide a required cutting diameter. Work-table 15 is moved so that the device 25 is aligned with tool 24, which is then brought into the vertical position. Tool 24 is released, and is moved up to gauge 26 by gravity, or by a fluid-operated plunger; and is then clamped by releasing the fluid pressure in drillings 36. In an automated machine tool, motor 20 for moving headstock 18, and motor 28 for gauge 26 are controlled by signals from a punched tape, a transducer 31, Fig. 3, being provided to provide a feed back signal indicating the position of gauge 26."
1,246,967	Sep. 22, 1971	Improvements in or relating to tool-holding mechanism for machine tools	Herbert Rudolf Julius Zadow	, England	"A machine tool spindle 1 contains an axially movable draw-bar 18 that operates spring-loaded jaws 10 for releasably engaging over an enlarged root 7 of a tool mandrel, and an extension of the draw-bar, e.g. a sleeve 12, is formed as a collet around the jaws and is axially slidable with the draw-bar between a position in which it allows the jaws to open and a position in which it holds the jaws closed with an axial component of compression of part of the jaws between the collet and the enlarged root of the tool mandrel. A conical end 3 of a tool or tool holder 5 is pulled into a tapered socket of the spindle 1 by means of the enlarged root 7 being gripped by the jaws 10. The sleeve 12 is attached to and movable with the draw-bar 18 and has a flange 12a that pulls the ends of the jaws 10 against the root 7 to hold the tool 5 into the tapered socket 2. A spring 19 biases the draw-bar to hold a tool in the socket and no tensile loads are applied to the connection of the jaw ends back to a block 11. In the embodiment shown the jaws 19 are resiliently integral with the block 11. In an alternative embodiment the arms are pivoted on the block 11 and constrained by an embracing coil garter spring. The sleeve 12 has openings 13 that allow the jaws 10 to be sprung open when the sleeve 12 is advanced against the spring 19 by, e.g., pneumatic pressure means. A pin-and-slot arrangement 14, 15, 16 limit the travel of the moving parts and an ejector 20 is provided. The block 11 may be spring biased away from the end 17 of the drawbar 18."
		Improvements in or relating to tool-holding mechanism for machine tools	Curtis Albert Sparkes	, England
2,094,187	Sep. 15, 1982	Machine tool and spindle attachment therefor	Jack Meltham	, England	"A machine tool attachment or component, to enable three tools to be driven from one machine tool spindle, comprises a housing mounted on the machine (11) and providing a bearing (14, 15) for the machine tool spindle (12), an auxiliary spindle supported in the housing, offset from and transverse to the machine tool spindle, a tool mount at each end of the auxiliary spindle, and a drive connection (16-20) in the housing for driving the auxiliary spindle from the machine tool spindle."
		Machine tool and spindle attachment therefor	John Peter Thompson	, England
2,163,678	Mar. 05, 1986	Moving and positioning machine tool slides	Norman Middlemiss	, England	"Positioning apparatus comprises an elongate fixed bed 2, a carriage (3) moveable along the bed, and support 4 also moveable along the bed. The support is drivingly connected to the carriage by a drive coupling, e.g. screw 8 on carriage 3 and nut 15 on support 4, and drive 9 drives the coupling. First location means 12 are locate the carriage at a plurality of fixed positions along the bed and second location means 16 locate the support 4 at a plurality of fixed positions along the bed. The drive coupling is such that when the carriage 3 is located in a fixed position along the bed operation of the drive 9 causes the support 4 to move along the bed and when the support 4 is located in a fixed position along the bed operation of the drive coupling causes the carriage 3 to move along the bed."